Selected part
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Whole circuit
Source
V = 12 V · I = 499 mA
Equivalent resistance
Req = V / I = 24 Ω
Power balance
Psource = 5.97 W · Ploads = 5.97 W
Kirchhoff
KCL: Σ Iin = Σ Iout at every node · KVL: Σ V around a loop = 0
Reference
Ohm's law
V = I × R I = V / R R = V / I
Power
P = V × I = I²R = V²/R
Series
Rtotal = R₁ + R₂ + …
Parallel
1/Rtotal = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + …